美国作业代写：The innovation of business model in shared economy

下面为大家整理一篇 的assignment代写范文- The innovation of business model in shared economy，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了共享经济下的商业模式创新。共享经济，指的是个人或组织通过共享平台分享闲置资源的使用权，并从中获取回报的商业模式。与传统商业模式相比，共享经济下的商业模式创新之处表现在定位、业务系统、关键资源能力、盈利模式、现金流结构、企业价值等方面。虽然共享经济的发展面临着外部监管环境等方面的阻力，但是这一商业模式终将对现有商业模式带来颠覆性的创新。

Sharing economy is a business mode in which individuals, enterprises or organizations share the right to use idle resources through sharing platform and gain benefits by doing so. The new impetuses for the business mode innovation in sharing economy include new information technologies such as cloud computing and big data, complex and changeable business competition environment and the leverage effect of asset-light mode. Compared with traditional business mode, the new business mode in sharing economy has many innovations in terms of orientation, business system, key resource ability, profit-making mode, cash flow structure and enterprise value. Although sharing economy is facing some obstacles in its development from external supervision environment, this new business mode will eventually bring subversive innovation on the present business mode.

At present, the shared economy has become an important force of social service industry, in the accommodation, transportation, skills, life services and tourism and other fields, have emerged a group of excellent sharing of economic enterprises. According to statistics, the 2015 share of the economy in the global market transactions of about $810 billion trillion, among them, the United States shared economic market size of about 510 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for the U.S. GDP of 3%, while, between 2014 to 2015, the share of the economic wind investment gold growth of more than 5 times. In short, "the shared economy has brought a resource revolution to change the way people live, and it has brought about a new way of organizing economic life and will go beyond the traditional market model." ”

At present, there are few researches on the shared economy in the academic circles, the real case analysis of this new business model is more, the shared economy is developing rapidly based on new technologies such as mobile interconnection, cloud computing and large data, and it is still in a theoretical discussion period. Experts and scholars mainly through the analysis of the sharing of economic enterprise cases, to comb out the basic elements of shared economy, operating mechanism, the generation of power, the resistance and obstacles and so on, such as Rachel Botsman, such as a profound analysis of the global practice of sharing the economy of emerging enterprises and this business model, Outlining the development blueprint of shared economy, Robin Chase reviewed Zipcar's entrepreneurial experience in "shared economy: Reconstructing the new business model of the Future", using a large number of global shared economic cases and experiences to sum up the huge changes that shared economy brings to individuals and businesses, and puts forward a model for everyone to share. Jeremiah Owyang has written a large number of theories, cases and global developments on shared economy by sharing ideas to solve the problems of climate warming, water supply and food insecurity. Domestic scholars Cai Yujie, Huanglu Gold analyzed the sharing economy cases of different industries, and discussed the shared economy's commercial, The change of life and work, Lau and Wu Bo, defines the shared Economy 2.0, analyzes the basic theory of Shared Economy 2.0, analyzes the typical sharing economy case deeply, and puts forward the prospect of the development of shared economy.

How to understand the connotation of shared economy? What are the motivations for enterprises to realize business model innovation through shared economy? What are the innovative elements? These need to be systematically analysed. On the basis of existing literatures, this paper systematically analyzes the connotation of shared economy and the impetus and elements of the innovation of business model in the shared economy, in order to provide reference for business model innovation.

The concept of shared economy was first put forward by Marcus Felson and Joe L. Spaeth, who believed that shared economy was mainly based on the information technology platform established by third parties, and consumer individuals traded products through the information technology platform to achieve the sharing of resources and information. Jeremiah Owyang believes that shared economy is a business model that "enables people to point to point rather than buy the products and services they need from the corporate side" by using common technologies, he points out that shared economy is an "intermediary" model, where individuals are no longer dependent on business organizations for products and services, Instead, you can purchase products and services directly from individuals through the platform. Robin Chase believes that shared economy is an economic model composed of three core elements of "overcapacity + shared platform + everyone participation".

Based on this, this article defines a shared economy as a business model where individuals, businesses, or organizations share the right to use unused resources through shared platforms and derive rewards from them. Based on the definition of Robin Chase and the actual operation of shared economy, this paper thinks that the connotation of shared economy should be understood from the following aspects:

First, idle resources, or excess capacity, are the foundation of a shared economy. The idle resources include not only the physical resources represented by automobiles and housing, but also the intangible resources represented by knowledge, skills and time, and sharing the economy is to discover, excavate and utilize the idle resources to maximize the utilization of resources.

Secondly, the sharing platform based on information technology is the carrier and medium of sharing economy. Information technology provides great convenience for the sharing of economy.

Thirdly, the transfer of use value is the essence of sharing economy difference from "exchange economy". Shared economy is the reuse of idle resources, improve the utilization rate of resources, emphasizing the "use" than "possession" is more important.

Finally, getting returns is an important outcome of shared economy. Sharing the economy is different from "sharing" the point is that it is to obtain economic returns and benefits for the purpose.

Both supply and demand are influential collaborators. The shared economy is a light asset model, and the matching and loyalty of both supply and demand have a vital impact on the success or failure of the shared economy.

Based on the research results of the innovation of business model in the academic circles, this paper mainly analyzes three aspects, such as the market impetus of new technology, the environment pressure, the market opportunity pull power and so on.

The marketization of new technology is one of the impetus of business model innovation. The innovation of business model based on shared economy is realized under the market impetus of new technology. Shared economy is in mobile interconnection, large data, cloud computing and other new technologies in the context of rapid development, and based on the PC-Internet-formed E-commerce platform, shared economy is based on mobile interconnection and the establishment of a shared platform, through a rapid and accurate matching between the supply and demand both sides to achieve the sharing of idle resources. Drop is the transfer of business to the Tencent Cloud, using cloud computing, business stability, security, flexibility, using large data algorithms to achieve supply and demand matching and forecasting, precision marketing, user portrait and automatic billing functions.

The advent of the new industrial revolution has caused the overall transformation of the enterprise competition paradigm, the enterprise competitive environment is faced with strong variability, uncertainty, complexity and fuzziness, the hyper-competitive environment will become the new normal enterprise. In this case, the value creation mode, the subject, the source and the process of the enterprise will take place the important change, only the value sharing of each stakeholder can realize the value creation of the enterprise truly. From the point of view of enterprise operation, in the hyper-competitive environment, enterprises must implement the flat, agile and flexible organization operation, in order to cope with the complex and changeable external environment pressure, which means that the original organizational structure and organizational boundary of the enterprise must be changed radically. The flexibility and borderless nature of this business model of shared economy provides a good opportunity for enterprises.

Often, enterprises tend to "have" more resources, through the resources of "large" to expand their own strength, the result of this heavy asset model is often the rigidity of the operation of the organization, higher operating costs and lower profit margins. In fact, the value of resources is in essence its use value, only the use value of resources to maximize, can fully reflect the value of resources itself. From this point of view, in most cases, the resource shortage of enterprises is often caused by insufficient resources, not the real scarcity of resources. Especially for start-ups, entrepreneurs in the resource-constrained entrepreneurial context, through value-sharing, full use of the existing, fragmented and seemingly worthless resources to develop new entrepreneurial opportunities, support the growth of entrepreneurship, in fact, the process of this patchwork of resources, is precisely contributed to the formation of shared economy. Airbnb's three founders were the first to rent the seemingly worthless, unused living room to the tourists and discover the entrepreneurial opportunities it had, not owning a house, but exceeding the largest hotel in the world, and finally achieving success.

Referring to the definition of business model by Wei Wei and other people, the business model is the transaction structure of the enterprise and its stakeholders, which includes six factors such as location, business system, key resource ability, profit model, cash flow structure and enterprise value. On this basis, this paper explores the innovative performance of the business model under the shared economy in these six factors.

The positioning of the business model is the way to satisfy the customer's needs, which is the central content of the business model. Shared economy, enterprises through information technology to establish a shared platform, matching the supply and demand both sides to complete the sharing of idle resources, which is different from the common business, often passive response to customer demand, but also different from the ordinary C2B Enterprises, the initiative to respond to customer demand, it is through the establishment of the supply and demand between the " Through the large data analysis technology automatic matching both sides, with more flexibility, more can meet the needs of customers personalized.

The business system refers to the stakeholders who choose to cooperate with them and how to deal with them, mainly composed of three parts, configuration, role and relationship. Configuration is the stakeholder and the network topology, the role is the stakeholder with specific strength, the relationship is the governance relationship between stakeholders. In terms of configuration, the shared economy is mainly supplied by the supply side, sharing platform, the demand side of the three major stakeholders formed the network structure, shared platform is a matching supply and demand of the media, most of the supply side is a side of the idle resources, more decentralized, both the supply and demand through the sharing platform to register as a user, you can share the idle resources as needed. From the perspective of trading role, different from the vertical direction of the traditional enterprise supply chain relationship, the shared economy between the supply side and the shared platform is a more flat horizontal cooperative relationship, that is, partnership, Alliance Relations, drop and downwind car owners is the relationship between the drop itself and no car demand, demand from the passengers, therefore, The owner of the car is not a drop in the vertical sense of the supplier. In terms of governance relations, traditional enterprises and stakeholders often exist in pure market transactions, ownership transactions, equity participation, holding and other governance relations, while the sharing of economic and stakeholders is more of a partnership, alliances, in addition to the supply and demand of other stakeholders, for the complementarity of resources and capabilities, Other governance relationships may exist.

The key resources ability is the important resources and the ability behind the trade structure. Different business models require different key resource capabilities, and key resource capabilities often determine the level of performance of similar business models. The key resource ability of traditional enterprises is mainly the product quality, research and development ability, price and so on, the sharing economy is developed with the new information technology as the support, the shared platform is its only operating environment, so it becomes one of the key resources ability of the shared economy enterprise. Robinson Logistics company to the information technology as its key resource capacity, the annual investment in information systems construction of more than $50 million. In addition, traditional enterprises often attach importance to the demand side, the customer resources as an important bargaining chip, and for the shared economy, both the supply and demand sides are influential collaborators, the matching of the supply and demand and the stickiness and loyalty of the platform have a vital impact on the success or failure of the shared economic operation, so Shared economic enterprises should not only pay attention to the demand side, but also pay attention to the supply side, but also improve both sides of the platform stickiness, will supply and demand both sides as a key resource capacity of enterprises as part of.

The profit pattern refers to the source of the enterprise income and the way of payment. The traditional enterprise profit model is very simple, the income generally comes from the customer, the cost comes from outside the supplier, the internal operation as well as the staff and so on, the internet economy has made many goods and services nearly free, can share on the sharing, 0 marginal cost phenomenon everywhere, the sharing economy greatly enhances the resource utilization Marginal cost of use of resources is near zero, for the shared economic enterprise, its income generally comes from the platform supply side or the demand side, mainly has the proportion, the sedimentation capital investment, the big data analysis and so on value-added service brings the income, the cost mainly comes from the platform operation and the maintenance, the information technology investment and the research and development expense, Shared economic enterprises in the time of the majority, Airbnb based on the number of days and hours of accommodation billing, in accordance with the expert service time billing, drops also integrated the distance and time factors.

Cash flow structure is the structure and form of cash inflow and outflow of enterprises, which is divided by stakeholders. Shared economy is a light asset model, enterprises can be less investment to achieve sustained, stable returns and growth, which is shared economic enterprises favored by VC companies an important factor.

The enterprise value is refers to the enterprise's value growth ability. The traditional enterprise takes the heavy asset mode as the main, brings the high operating cost, the lower profit space and the high resource idle opportunity cost to the enterprise. In contrast, the shared economy belongs to the light asset model, which integrates idle and surplus resources and realizes the transfer of the right to use the unused resources through the sharing platform. This kind of light asset model greatly reduces the enterprise's operating cost, thus enhances the enterprise profit space, promotes the enterprise value sustained growth. American Robinson Logistics company is a typical light asset logistics company, through two information platforms to integrate the social idle vehicle resources, so that owners and shippers to share all kinds of transport services. According to statistics, in 1994-2014, Robinson's gross margin and operating profit increased by 14.4% and 15.7% respectively, far higher than the industry growth, the light asset model for Robinson has brought a sustained value growth. To sum up, the business model based on shared economy has many innovations, but at present, the development of shared economy still faces some problems, such as law, supervision and trust, so the business model innovation under the shared economy faces some resistance, mainly from the external regulatory environment and the resistance of vested interests. It can be seen from some regional authorities ' restrictions on drip, best?uber and prohibited behavior that the business model of shared economy still faces some obstacles. However, the development of shared economy will become the mainstream trend.

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